schellhammer



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. SOHELLHAMMER.

HEATER;

No. 496,750. Patented May 2, 1893..

\ If A? /1 g (No Model.) 2Sheets-Sh eet 2.

O. SOHELLHAMMER.

I HEATER.

No, 496,750. Patented May 2, 1893.

m mm

' suitable shape and proportions.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

CHRISTIAN SOHELLHAMMER, OF WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF TIVO-THIRDSTO ALFRED L. SCHELLHAMMER AND RICHARD EDMONDS & SON, OF SAME PLACE.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,750, dated IVIay 2,1893.

Application filed March 24, 1892- Serlal No.426,292. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN SCHELLHAM MER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Warren, in the State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Heaters, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to .that class of heaters used for heating currentsof air to be conducted to the apartments of houses and more especiallyto such heaters as are heated by natural gas, and my invention consistsin the construction of the parts whereby the heated gases are brought incontact with an extended heater surface and compelled totraverse thesame before passing the outlet and said heating surfaces are presentedto the air-currents in such manner that the latter can pass directlyupward in nearly straight lines, as fully set forth hereinafter and asillustrated in the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is asectional elevation of a gasburning heater embodying my improvements;Fig. 2 a sectional plan on the line 2-2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a sectionalelevation of the radiator; Fig. 4 a sectional plan of the radiator.

The casing A of the heater is provided with a top or dome B, having anopening to and cover 13, and is made of sheet metal, brick or in anyother suitable manner and of any Within this casing is a smaller casingI, which is contracted to form a shoulder 8, at about the middle of itslength the upper contracted portion j being closed at the top and fromthe larger portion I extends a square tube 50, through the outer casing,the said tube being closed at the outer end by the usual door R, and inan opening in the latter slides an air tube 15, closed at the outer endand open at the inner end and having at one side an air opening 16, sothat by pushing in the tube 15, to a greater or less extent the opening16 is more or less closed thereby regulating the admission of air to thechamber M, within the casing I.

The chamber M is practically the combustion chamber in which is arrangedthe grate in case the heater is to be heated by coal or the burner incase the heater is to be heated by gas. As shown the construction isadapted for a gas heater'and the burner consists of a U-shaped tube 20,perforated at the top and sides and provided with mixers 22, 22, of theusual construction.

I have found that if the air is supplied 'to the burners of a heater ofthis character, not at the bottom as usual but at one side a much moreperfect and ready combustion is secured especially if the air isdistributed in fine streams along the sides of the burner and for thisreason I construct the lower part of the chamber M, with two independentchambers y, y, best seen in Fig. 2, to which air is admitted from theoutside through pipes F, provided with valves or registers 30, and theinner walls 21, of each chamber 1 are perforated with fine openingsthrough which the air flows sidewise toward the burner 20 therebysecuring the results desired.

In the space X between the casingj and the outer casing A is suitablysupported a radiator P. Any desirable means of support may be employedbut I prefer to use a series of brackets 9, 9, made of angle iron andbolted or otherwise secured to the outside of the casing I, as shown andplacing the radiator directly upon these brackets.

The radiator may be made of any suitable construction but I prefer tomake it of two concentric cylinders 33, 34, with a chamber between themwhich is divided by means of a horizontal partition a, so as to form apractically spiral flue o, the said partition'a being either woundspirally round the inner cylinder 33, or extending horizontally aroundthe latter to the point t, and then inclined upward to the next leveland then continued around in a horizontal line and so on,as illustratedin Fig. 3. tom of the radiator and through the difierent layers of thepartition a, extend the air-tubes O, of any suitable form and theproducts of combustion pass into the flue v, at the lower end of thesame at the bottom of the radiator and then pass around and upwardgradually to the top of the radiator and thence pass out of the radiatorthrough a pipe 35, extending outward through the outer casing A.

While it is not necessary I prefer in most Through the top and bot- Iinstances to so arrange the partition a that the flue '2), shallgradually increase in height or area from the lower toward the upperend, by this means affording an increased size of passage for the gasesas they become hotter and expand from the increase of their heat, thusinsuring a better draft and preventing any throttling and such depositof water or soot in the flue as wouldotherwise occur. To prevent a toodirect flowing of the heated gases to the flue I prefer to make adividing flue at the upper portion of the chamber M by means of avertical partition N, as best shown in Fig. 1.

The relative arrangement of the partition a or spiral flue and the airpipes O is a matter of great importance. Thus, the air passing into thebottom of the chamber inclosed by the casing A, either through openings10 in the bottom of the casing or through openings 12 at the side, flowsupward in contact wlth the casing I, and a portion flows directlythrough the vertical tubes 0, without any obstruction whatever to thedome while another portion passes upward between the radiator P and thesides of the outer casing and the casing j and the radiator. Thatportion which passes through the chamber X, outside of the radiator isheated by the outer wall of the radiator which of course is intenselyhot in consequence of the contact with the inner side thereof of theheated gases passing through the flue v, while that portion which passesthrough the chamber X in contact with the inner wall 33, of the radiatoris heated thereby and is also heated by the outer face of the casing j.In any case the flow of the air is directly upwardin almost a straightline and is no way throttled while it is heated thoroughly by contactWith the hot plates before before referred to. The tubes 0, it will beseen, are placed close together and afford a very extended heating surface and the hot gases that pass through the flue v, are brought againand again in contact with the different portions of the tubes 0, as theycircle round the same in the spiral flue so that a verylarge volume ofair is heated in these tubes and passes with the air from the chamberX,into the dome in a highly heated condition.

It is well known that the air that is heated by the combustion ofnatural gas acquires such a high temperature and becomes so dry that itis objectionable for this reason. To obviate this objection means haveheretofore been adopted for charging the air with vapor but generally insuch way that only the air in a portion of the heater becomes socharged. To overcome this objection I provide the heater with a pan E towhich the water is supplied through a pipe 16 from an outer reservoir Gwhich may be a closed reservoir like a bird fountain, as shown in dottedlines, or an open pan and I place the pan E so that the air can passbelow it and around it and in a central position so that the moisturearising from the pan may pass equally to all portions of air in the domeso that every portion of air that flows outward through the pipes 18, isequally charged with moisture.

In order to ignite the gas as soon as it is introduced to the burner atany time I maintain a perpetual flame by means of a pilot burner V whichmay be of any preferred construction.

Without limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement ofparts shown, I claim as my invention- 1. The combination in a heater ofthe outer casing A, the inner casing I, j, reduced in diameter at theupper end, a partition N arranged to form a diving flue leading to anoutlet S, near the bottom of the casingj, and a radiator arranged withinthe casing A and communicating at the lower portion with the outlet S,and the upper portion with a pipe 35, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with the casings of a heater, of an annular radiatorhaving a spiral flue '0 and vertical air pipes 0 extending from thebottom to the top of the radiator, and through said flue, substantiallyas set forth.

3. The combination with the casings of a heater of a radiator having aninner casing 33 and outer casing 34 and a partition a, arranged to forma spiral flue 'u and vertical air pipes 0, extending through the bottomand top of the radiator and through said partition, substantially as setforth.

4. The combination with the casings of a heater, of a radiator having anouter wall 34., inner wall 33 and a spiral partition a, arranged to forma spiral flue 2;, increasing gradually in height from the lower to theupper end, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the radiator having the spiral flue increasinggradually in height from the lower to the upper end, and vertical airpipes 0, extending through said flue, substantially as described.

6. The combination with aheater of a burner and air inlet ports arrangedto admit air to the side and top of said burner, substantially as setforth.

7. The combination of the burner 20, the perforated walls 21, 21, andair chambers supplied with air outside of said walls, substantially asset forth.

8. The combination of the burner 20 and side chambers y, y, havingperforated walls 21, admitting air to said chambers, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have. signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHRISTIAN SOHELLHAMMER.

Witnesses:

" CHARLES E. FosTER,

.F. L. FREEMAN.

